Innate immunity is a critical aspect of the body's defense mechanism against invading pathogens. It provides immediate, non-specific protection against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The innate immune system comprises physical barriers such as skin, mucous membranes, and secretions, as well as cellular and molecular components such as phagocytes, natural killer cells, complement proteins, and cytokines. These components work together to detect and eliminate foreign invaders, initiate inflammation, and activate the adaptive immune system. Innate immunity plays a crucial role in limiting the spread of infection and promoting healing. This abstract highlights the essential features of innate immunity and its critical role in protecting the host from infectious agents. Innate immunity refers to the non-specific defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight off infections and foreign invaders. These mechanisms are present at birth and do not require prior exposure to the pathogen. Understanding the concepts of innate immunity is crucial for many exams related to medical sciences, microbiology, and immunology. Here are important multiple-choice questions that cover the essential concepts of innate immunity.
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What is immunity?
- The ability of an organism to resist a particular infectious disease
- . The ability of an organism to cause a disease
- The ability of an organism to transmit a disease
- A ll of these
- N/A
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Answer: A Explanation: -
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
- Active immunity is acquired through natural infection, passive immunity is acquired through vaccination
- Active immunity is acquired through vaccination, passive immunity is acquired through natural infection
- Active and passive immunity both are acquired through natural infection
- A ll of these
- N/A
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Answer: B Explanation: -
What is herd immunity?
- Immunity acquired by a group of individuals who have been vaccinated
- . Immunity acquired by a group of individuals who have recovered from an infection
- Immunity acquired by a group of individuals who are genetically resistant to a disease
- None of these
- N/A
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Answer: A Explanation: -
How does a vaccine work?
- By introducing a weakened or dead version of a pathogen into the body, allowing the immune system to build immunity
- By boosting the immune system with a chemical substance
- . By directly attacking the pathogen
- None of these
- N/A
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Answer: A Explanation: -
What is the role of antigens in immunity?
- Antigens stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies
- Antigens neutralize pathogens
- . Antigens are a type of antibody
- A ll of these
- N/A
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Answer: A Explanation: -
What is the function of antibodies in the immune system?
- To neutralize pathogens
- To stimulate the production of more antibodies
- To attack and destroy pathogens
- None of these
- N/A
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Answer: A Explanation: -
What is the main role of T cells in the immune system?
- To produce antibodies
- To directly attack and destroy infected cells
- To stimulate the production of more T cells
- None of these
- N/A
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Answer: B Explanation: -
What is the function of cytokines in the immune system?
- . To stimulate the production of more cytokines
- To directly attack and destroy pathogens
- None of these
- N/A
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Answer: B Explanation: -
What is a vaccine-preventable disease?
- . A disease that can be prevented by vaccination
- A disease can only be treated by vaccine
- A disease cannot be treated by vaccin
- N/A
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Answer: A Explanation: -
What function does keratin serve in the initial layer of defence?
- to guard against germs gaining access to the body
- to contain viruses and stop them from mutating
- To strengthen the skin
- To produce memory cells
- N/A
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Answer: c Explanation: